Pump is a device that mechanically transports fluids (liquids and gases). Transportation is carried out based on suctioning or blowing fluid from one place to another place. Vacuum pumps create a negative pressure (relative vacuum) by discharging air molecules (or other gas) from a sealed container. Vacuum pumps can provide a wide range of vacuum systems with their various chambers and operating methods. Blower pumps can deliver fluid with positive pressure. According to industrial needs, various vacuum and blower pumps are manufactured to produce negative and positive pressures. The performance basis of all pumps is usage of mechanical power of a diesel or electric motor for the rapid vacuum or blowing of air, liquid and solids. Also available industrial blower and vacuum pumps are worked based on cooperation of water or air cooling systems. The main components of the pumps include air inlet and outlet chambers, axle lubrication chambers, propulsion actuators, and power transmission unit.
Consideration of design principles
Manufacture and assembly of mechanical components has undermined longevity and working life of suction vacuum pumps and blowers by consideration of design principles. However, there are significant limitations and drawbacks for operation of industrial vacuum pumps that have not been obviated.
Industrial pumps that operate at high negative or positive pressures (above 500 mbar) generally have significant limitations and drawbacks. Based on experimental observations in the industry, these limitations and defects have been identified in the sampled pump which are listed as follows:
Improper arrangement of the inlet and outlet windows in the pump chamber redirects air flow and reduces vacuum pressure.
This also reduces the heat transfer efficiency of the pump and does not allow the pump to be used for long non-stop working times.
Based on experimental and operational observations, the wear resistance of some metal parts has been inadequate, requiring service and replacement.
Due to the use of numerous equipment in the manufacturing process (drilling, cutting, casting, etc.), production costs are not affordable.
Improper sealing of pump components (rotors and loops) suck oil particles into the inlet and outlet chambers during high working times (more than 1000 rpm). This reduces the volume of oil in the inlet chamber of the power and gears and increases the wear of the rotors and gears.
The use of a powerful power source (due to the small size of the air intake loops for high suction and inlet airflow (more than 5,000,000 cubic meters per hour)) is an engineering drawback to create high periods of air suction at the pump.
The vibration of the pump components during high air suction workloads (more than 1000 rpm), leads to lack of coordination in rotation of the gear wheels in a balanced manner. This causes asymmetry rotation of the triangular loops and consequently, decreases vacuum efficiency.
Due to repeated loading and unloading during pump operation, the stress concentration areas in the components of the power input plate and gears (bush and bush rings) are exacerbated, causing fatigue and cracking in critical parts of the stress.
No considering body margins for refilling lubrication pores requires the replacement of shaft and gear plate retainers and increased maintenance and maintenance costs.
It is not possible to apply vacuum pumps for gaseous and liquid materials due to the possibility of explosion.
As the working temperature and inadequate heat transfer of the triangular loops increase, the volumetric expansion of the loops occurs and the free rotation between the loops and the inlet and outlet chambers are blocked, resulting in the pump hang up.
Due to the higher viscosity of water than air, the rate of water flow than air flow is lower in the same direction and consequently the heat transfer performance of cooling water pumps is lower than cooling air pumps.
The performance of cool water pumps at temperatures close to zero degrees is lower than that of cool air pumps. This defect is due to the freezing of water at zero degrees.
The deposition and scaling of the metal parts of the cooling system of cooling water pumps increases the need for service and maintenance of the pump.
Some specifications of Zagros Sanat Arka Industrial vacuum and blower pumps: are as follow:
Vacuum and blower air flow of 10000 m3/h.
95% vacuum production (negative pressure of 950 mbar).
